Dear tourist friends, Hello everyone! Today we visit Huangdi mausoleum, which is known as the first mausoleum in the world. I'm your tour guide. My name is Jiang. You can also call me director Jiang. If you encounter problems in your travel, you can ask me and I will help you. I wish you a happy trip! In order to let you have a deep understanding of the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, I would like to introduce to you the ancestor of our Shenhua nation - the Yellow Emperor.
Huangdi was an outstanding leader of tribal alliance at the end of primitive society about 5020 x years ago. According to ancient records, the Yellow Emperor was the son of Shaodian. His surname was Gongsun. Because he was good at Jishui, his surname was Ji. There is a bear in the seal, and there is a bear in the name. Once lived in Xuanyuan hill, also known as Xuanyuan. It is also known as the "Yellow Emperor" because of its advocating of local morality and yellow color.
According to legend, the Yellow Emperor is not only the leader of a hero, but also the embodiment of wisdom. Many inventions and creations are attributed to the Yellow Emperor or his wife and subordinates. For example, making boats and carts, making clothes and crowns, sericulture, creating medicine, setting temperament, writing, distributing grains, burning painted pottery, and regulations in political life, wedding and funeral rituals in customs and habits, etc. later generations regard the era of the Yellow Emperor as the beginning of the Chinese civilization, so the Yellow Emperor is respected as the "ancestor of humanity".
There are many opinions about where the Yellow Emperor was buried. However, from the records of historical materials and the attitude of successive governments, the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor that you are about to see is the only resting place for the Yellow Emperor in a hundred years. Sima Qian, a historian of the Western Han Dynasty, clearly states in his historical records that "the Yellow Emperor collapsed and was buried in the bridge mountain". The mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor was called "bridge mausoleum" in history, and it was renamed in 1944. According to ancient Chinese documents, the yellow emperor ascended to heaven by riding a dragon in Qiaoshan of Huangling County. Later generations buried the Yellow Emperor's clothes here and built a tomb for it. This is the origin of the Yellow Emperor's mausoleum. In addition, the Huangdi mausoleum area has been proved by archaeology to be the settlement of primitive clans in this area. The unearthed pottery and stone tools have distinctive characteristics of Yangshao culture.
Huangdi mausoleum is located in Huangling County, Shaanxi Province, about 180 kilometers north of Xi'an. Huangling County, formerly known as Zhongbu County, was renamed Huangling County in 1944 with the approval of the former government of the Republic of China. In June 1997, Huangdi mausoleum was announced by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee as one of the 100 patriotic education demonstration bases in China.
You are now in Xuanyuan square. This is the starting point of Yiling. The ground of Xuanyuan square is paved with natural river pebbles in Qinling Mountains, with a total of 5000 pieces, which means that it represents the long history of the Chinese nation for 5020xx years. The pool in front of us is called YinChi. It is said that it is the place where the Yellow Emperor washed his pen. The water of YinChi comes from Juhe river. In ancient Chinese, Juhe river is also regarded as the river of ancestors. When night comes, there will be a beautiful landscape of "JuShui moon night".
Now, the bridge we pass is called Xuanyuan bridge. The bridge, which spans YinChi, is built of all granite stone and is known as "the first bridge of all stone in modern China". At the north end of Xuanyuan bridge, Longwei Road, which leads to the temple, has 95 steps, implying the lofty status of the Yellow Emperor as the "king of ". In recent years, most of the public sacrifice activities have been held here, which has been widely known by modern media. Stand in front of the broad Temple Square, please look back at Xuanyuan square, you will feel a "majestic, solemn, solemn, simple" grand momentum.
Generally speaking, worshiping the Yellow Emperor means "worshiping the temple first, then paying homage to the mausoleum". Xuanyuan temple is located in the north of JuShui, facing south, commanding and magnificent. Please follow me into this sacred place. It is said that this ancient temple was built in the Han Dynasty. It was originally in the West foot of the bridge and moved here in the Song Dynasty. Xuanyuan temple is composed of four courtyards. The gate of the temple is in the architectural style of Han Dynasty, with white walls, black glazed tiles, tall and lofty, simple and generous. "Xuanyuan Temple" was written by Mr. Jiang Dingwen. Stepping into the gate of Xuanyuan temple, you can see a towering ancient cypress on the left. The branches of ancient cypress are vigorous and green, and the crown is like a canopy. The tree is about 4720xx years old. It is said that it was planted by the Yellow Emperor himself, so it is called "Yellow Emperor's hand planted cypress". In 1982, British forestry expert Robert and others came to China after inspecting 27 countries in the world and marveled that it is "the father of cypress in the world". In 1998, the tree was recognized as one of the first batch of "100 ancient and famous trees in China".
This pavilion is called "stele Pavilion". There are four stone tablets here. The content of the first inscription on the right hand is a memorial poem written by Dr. Sun Yat Sen when he was the provisional president of the Republic of China. The second pass on the right hand is the three big characters "mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor" inscribed by Chiang Kai Shek in 1942. The first passage on the left is a sacrificial essay written by Mao Zedong on April 5, 1937 when the Kuomintang and the Communist Party jointly sacrificed to the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor. The second one is Deng Xiaoping's handwritten "descendants of the Yellow River".
After leaving the pavilion, continue to walk in, you will see a one meter square blue stone on your left side, with a huge inscription on it
The footprints of the Yellow Emperor. The stone was excavated in Guowa, Southeast of Huangling. It is said that there are three footprints of the Yellow Emperor. One is in Henan, one is in Shandong, and the other is in Huangling. According to the local people, if someone hits the big toe with a coin across the fence, it indicates good luck and good luck.
On the left side of Xuanyuan hall, there is a cypress tree. The tree trunks were covered with spots and lines, as if there were broken nails. It is said that in 120xx BC, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty returned from his northern expedition to Shuofang, and when he sacrificed to the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, he nailed a nail on the tree trunk to hang his armor. So it's called "guajia cypress", also called "general cypress". Every year before Qingming Festival, cypress juice will overflow in the tree hole and condense into beads, like tears. After the Qingming Festival, it returned to its original state and was called "the wonder of Qunbai".
Now, the building in front of us is called Xuanyuan hall. The hall was built in the Ming Dynasty. On the forehead of the hall is a four character plaque entitled "the first ancestor of humanity" by Cheng Qian, the former patriotic general of the Kuomintang in 1938.
Entering the main hall, we see a semi relief statue of the Yellow Emperor. Based on the rubbings of the stone portraits of Wuliang ancestral temple in the Eastern Han Dynasty, this sacred statue of the nation's ancestor was enlarged and carved with the approval of the State Administration of cultural relics after soliciting the opinions of relevant experts.
At the north end of Xuanyuan Temple lies the hall of ancestor worship, which was newly built in 20xx. In 20xx, the first national ceremony of sacrificing Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor, the first ancestor of China, was held here during the Qingming Festival. The whole building of the hall adheres to the style of Han and Tang Dynasties, and integrates the ancient tradition with the flavor of the new era. The ancestral square in front of the hall is paved with granite, covering an area of more than 10000 square meters, and can accommodate 5000 lines of sacrificial activities at the same time.
Well, here is Xuanyuan temple. Next, we will climb mountains and visit the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor.
Huangdi mausoleum is the mausoleum of Xuanyuan Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, known as "the first mausoleum in the world". In 1962, it was announced by the State Council as the national key cultural relics protection unit "No.1 ancient tomb". Lingjia is located in Qiaoshan, 1km north of Huangling County.
Huangdi mausoleum has a unique "bridge mountain ancient cypress.". No matter which direction you enter the county, you can see the 5800 mu Qiaoshan mountain, full of green cypresses and lush. At present, there are more than 81000 cypresses in Xuanyuan Huangdi Mausoleum scenic area, which is located in Huangling County, Shaanxi Province. There are more than 30000 ancient cypresses more than 1000 years old. It is the oldest and best preserved group of ancient cypresses in China. This is really "the Yellow Emperor's Mausoleum with towering ancient cypresses. It's full of smoke and light breeze. Qiaoshan completely towering green, Ju water around the waist for thousands of years. All these ancient cypresses are priceless. Therefore, the ancient Chinese governments attach great importance to the protection of the ancient cypresses in the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor.
Dear friends, we are now at the gate of the cemetery. Please look to the left side of the gate. This 20 meter high conical platform is called Hanwu Sendai. It is said that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, after worshiping his ancestors, was very envious of the Yellow Emperor's ascending to heaven and becoming an immortal. So hundreds of thousands of soldiers were ordered to carry a bag of soil on their backs to build this high platform overnight. He went on the stage to pray for immortals and said to the people, "if I can go back to heaven like the Yellow Emperor, it's nothing to leave my wife, but it's just like leaving my shoes." Today, there are two stone curved paths leading to the top of the platform. Up 77 steps, down 78 steps, called "seven up and eight down.". It's said that one visit to the stage can add years and blessings.
Friends, this tomb in front of us is the resting place of our ancestors, the Yellow Emperor. The tomb is a oblate earth tomb. In front of the tomb, there is another stele engraved with the four characters of "Qiaoshan Longyu", which means that this is the place where the yellow emperor ascended to heaven by driving a dragon. It is said that the Yellow Emperor lived for more than 100 years. The emperor felt that he had made great achievements and sent a dragon to take him up to heaven. His subjects didn't want the Yellow Emperor to leave and surrounded him. The dragon carries the Yellow Emperor into the air. In a panic, people pull off the Yellow Emperor's skirt, boots and sword. People bury the Yellow Emperor's clothes, boots and swords here, and build a mound as a memorial. This is the origin of the saying that the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor is the family of clothes and crowns, but the legend is a legend after all. Historical records and other books clearly record that "the Yellow Emperor collapsed and buried in the bridge mountain.". Moreover, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and other emperors came here to pay homage to the Yellow Emperor, so it is recognized as the location of the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor.
In front of the "Qiaoshan Longyu" stele, there is another stele engraved with three characters of "Huangdi mausoleum" written by Guo Moruo in 1958.
Well, tourists, due to the time constraint, this is the end of our explanation of Huangdi mausoleum today. You can visit it by yourself. We will gather at the gate in half an hour. Please pay attention to safety. Thank you!