高中英语阅读理解(教育文化)试题(有答案和解析)

一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类 1．阅读理解

Working with a stressed mind is like swimming with a jacket on, while a mind free from work stress is light like the wind and it can help you accomplish your daily tasks easily. To relieve (缓解)stress and lighten your mind, you must first understand the nature of stress and the reasons why it builds up. Then you can easily beat stress. Talk it out

Talking to others helps relieve work stress especially when you and the person you talk to are in the same boat and under the same work stress. Your worries will be divided! If you are your own boss, you need some good advisers around you, who know your trouble and talk sense. If there is no such persons at your workplace, let there be one at home, who is a friend, a family member or a guide that you can talk to. Let music calm your mind

Music has the power to take you into a new world, away from your worries. Taking a break to listen to some favorite music is also a great way to relieve stress. Take a walk

If there is a park around, go and have a walk there. You can eat some snacks sitting on the grass. Move around, look at the world around you and forget your work for a while. Let your body get some exercise. A walk works as it also clears your thoughts. You can listen to music while going on a walk.

Have a life beyond the workplace

If you keep thinking about nothing other than work all the time, there is bound to be stress. So, throw away your thoughts about work after you leave your office and get a life beyond it. Have a life beyond the workplace, and you can relax after work.

（1）We can learn from the first paragraph that to relieve stress, we should _________. A. know what causes stress first B. swim a lot when we are free C. find a good adviser to talk to D. pay more attention to work （2）To relieve work stress, you'd better talk to those who ________. A.are free of job stress

B.have enough time to talk to you C.have the same sufferings D.can change your job

（3）listening to some music can __________. A.help you improve your taste of music B.improve your relationship with others C.make you feel more tired of your job D.let you relax and forget work stress

（4）When taking a walk to relieve work stress, you should _________. A.consider problems at work at the same time

B.let your mind at peace and do some exercise C.make new friends with strangers as you walk D.walk to a quiet place as far away as possible

（5）The author of this passage may be ________. A.a researcher who studies music B.tired of working under pressure C.a person who is trying to find a job D.expert in dealing with work stress 【答案】 （1）A （2）C （3）D （4）B （5）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些可以缓解工作压力的方法。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”To relieve (缓解）stress and lighten your mind, you must first understand the nature of stress and the reasons why it builds up.“可知，想要缓解思想上的压力，我们首先要明白压力的特征和它产生的原因。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”Talking to others helps relieve work stress especially when you and the person you talk to are in the same boat and under the same work stress.“可知，与别人交谈可以缓解工作压力，尤其是和自己有相同遭遇或者相同压力的人。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”Music has the power to take you into a new world, away from your worries. Taking a break to listen to some favorite music is also a great way to relieve stress.“可知音乐可以让人远离担忧，听喜欢的音乐也是一种缓解压力的方式，即音乐可以令人放松并且缓解压力。故选D。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第四段 中的” Move around, look at the world around you and forget your work for a while. Let your body get some exercise.“可知，我们在散步时要暂时忘记工作，关注周围的世界，让身体动起来。故选B。

（5）考查推理判断。结合文章所给的几个缓解工作压力的方法和第一段的”Working with a stressed mind is like swimming with a jacket on, while a mind free from work stress is light like the wind and it can help you accomplish your daily tasks easily.“可推测本文的作者可能是处理工作压力方面的专家。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Who doesn't want to live life in style? Life is like a road on which you never get a chance to return, and is not a very long road either. So we should try to live life to the fullest and enjoy every bit of it.

Every individual has unique likings and preferences, and all of us try to live the lives that suit us

best. The world is like a painting cloth on which different people with different races, different languages, and different cultural backgrounds interact. But among these, the arts provide an easy and natural way for people to connect.

People with a knack for the arts usually discover it in childhood. But art isn't only for the talented; it can help everyone grow. Those with a strong artistic background are often more energetic, and more successful in all fields of life. Art widens the range of a person's life. Painting is one of the most popular art forms. Those who are interested in taking it up as a career need to go through extensive training to get familiar with the various styles. Professional painters often host art exhibitions, with art lovers from all over the world coming to see and buy their creations. Sometimes the paintings are sold at high prices.

Performing arts are equally popular and admired. Dance, instrumental music, drama and so on require unusual artistic talent as well as a long period of education and training before audiences start to applaud the performances. But anyone with some artistic sense can make art part of his/ her life, and benefit from it.

（1）People should make the most of life because ______ . A. life is difficult but enjoyable time B. life is valuable and ordinary C. life is too short to be wasted D. life is like a road full of tomorrows （2）What's the main idea of Paragraph 2?

A. Different people have different lifestyles. B. Different peoples have different cultures. C. Art can make people happier. D. Art can connect people together. （3）he underlined word \"knack\" in Paragraph 3 possibly means \"______\". A. character B. ability C. power D. favour （4）What is the passage mainly about? A. How great artists make a living by selling their works. B. How to live a unique and colorful life. C. How the arts contribute to people's lives.

D. How much performing arts have to do with talent and education. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）B （4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，人生苦短没有回头路，但艺术可以把不同背景的人联系在一起，有艺术天赋的人通常在各个领域都会更加成功。作者还列举了绘画、音乐、舞蹈等艺术形式对人们生活的影响。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Life is like a road on which you never get a chance to return, and is not a very long road either. So we should try to live life to the fullest and enjoy every bit of it.”可知人生没有回头路，而且非常短暂，我们要努力享受生活的一点一滴。我们不能浪费生活，要珍惜生活给我们的一切，故选C。

（2）考查段落大意。根据第二段中的“But among these, the arts provide an easy and natural way for people to connect.”可知艺术可以很自然地把不同背景的人联系在一起，故选D。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“People with a knack for the arts usually discover it in

childhood. ”可知在童年时期有艺术天赋地人就可以发现自己这方面的才能。与“ But art isn't only for the talented; it can help everyone grow. ”艺术不仅对有才能的人有好处，它可以帮助所有成长，是一致的。划线词knack意为”ability/talent“，故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍的是艺术如何影响人们的生活的内容，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

It is hard to say the first day of school in the United States because when the first day of school is and what happens on the first day of school usually are different by districts(地区).

The first day of school for many school districts in different states is on the day after the first Monday in September. In some other school districts, school begins in mid-to-late August. For example, the Denver, Colorado schools go back in mid-August and schools in Cleveland, Ohio start back usually one week before the first Monday in September. The Boston, Chicago, New York City and San Diego schools start back on the Tuesday or Wednesday after the first Monday in September.

Schools in Cleveland, Ohio used to start the school year on the day after the first Monday in September, but in the 1976-1977 and 1977-1978 academic years, the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms, extreme cold. In the 1978-1979 school year, the Ohio Department of Education moved the start of the year to late August, one week before the first Monday in September. This went into effect in the 1980-1981 school year.

In most school districts in Utah, the school year starts between August 25 and August 30, and goes until the last week of May or the first week in June next year.

In American high schools, the freshmen class usually goes back one or two days before the rest of the school body for an orientation(迎新)period. An orientation period helps the freshmen get familiar with their new school, its rules, and surroundings.

In some schools, the freshmen classes have their photographs taken for identification purposes. Some high schools have tried to make the first week of school fun for incoming freshmen. （1）According to the passage, which schools start their school year the earliest? A. Schools in Denver. B. Schools in Cleveland. C. Schools in New York City. D. Schools in Boston.

（2）Why did the Ohio Department of Education change the start of the school year? A. Because of some political events. B. Because of the entrance examinations. C. Because of the increasing number of students. D. Because of the extreme weather. （3）How many months does the school year last in schools in Utah? A. About seven months. B. About eight months. C. About nine months. D. About ten months. （4）The article is probably taken from ________.

A. a book about one's life story B. an official website of education

C. an advertisement in a newspaper D. a sports magazine 【答案】 （1）A （2）D （3）C （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国开学第一天的日期没有明文规定，因地区而异。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”For example, the Denver, Colorado schools go back in mid-August and schools in Cleveland, …Monday in September.“ 可知，丹佛的学校在八月中旬开学,克里夫兰的学校通常在9月的第一个星期一之前开始。波士顿，芝加哥，纽约和圣地亚哥的学校在9月的第一个星期一之后的周二或周三开始。综上所述，丹佛的学校开学最早。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的\"but in the 1976-1977 and 1977-1978 academic years，the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms，extreme cold\"可知俄亥俄州的学校受到暴风雪的影响，因而开学日发生了变化。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段 中的”In most school districts in Utah, the school year starts …next year.“可知犹太州学年从8月25日到8月30日开始，一直持续到5月的最后一周或明年6月的第一周，持续时间为九个月左右，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了美国学校开学第一天的日期的内容，应属教育类，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

A Harvard study of their graduates over thirty years found that there were only a small percentage (3%) of them who actually wrote down their goals-and these were the most successful! You can be certain that every one of those students had repeatedly heard the value of goal setting. Yet only 3% actually wrote down their goals consistently. Imagine what you can do if you both write down your goals and, then, focus on them consistently, until they are accomplished!

What is it that causes the \"New Year's Resolution Syndrome\"? People make resolutions, work hard at them for a few weeks, maybe even a few months, and then forget them. Next year, they make the same New Year's resolutions. That is the syndrome. So why do so many people do it? They may be making goals that are too global, and too unrealistic. The elephant analogy (比喻) is still the best one I know of to illustrate good goal setting. \"How do you eat an elephant? One spoonful at a time.\" So it is with goals. Make spoon size goals and accomplish them easily. Once you've mastered this, get a bigger spoon!

You may have too many people in your life who consciously or subconsciously are unwilling or unable to support you to reach your goals. Surround yourself with people who want you to have what you want for yourself. Support each other and you'll all achieve your highest goals.

We must be careful not to confuse busyness with progress. Be selective about how you use your time and what you focus on. Success often comes when you know what to leave out, rather than what to include in your life.

Goal setting is like the pig and chicken who were out for a walk in town early one morning. The chicken became really excited when she saw a sign that said \"Ham & Eggs, $2.99\". She said to the pig, \"Look, we've got double billing again.\" The pig grunted and said, \"That's all right for you to say. For you, it's all in a day's work. For me, it's total commitment.\" Goal setting is all in a day's work. Goal achievement is total commitment. （1）What can we learn from Paragraph 1?

A.Few Harvard students know the importance of setting goals. B.Writing down goals is unhelpful in achieving them. C.A very small percentage of Harvard students can succeed. D.Keeping working on goals eventually leads to victory. （2）What can we know about New Year's resolutions? A.They are really difficult to achieve. B.Most people give them up halfway. C.They should be different from year to year. D.Most people make no effort to achieve them.

（3）According to the elephant analogy, when setting goals, we should . A.ask for others' advice B.set great and worthy goals C.break a big goal into smaller pieces D.refer to the goals we set earlier

（4）What does the story of the pig and chicken imply? A.Rome is not built in one day.

B.When the cat is away, the mice will play. C.The early bird catches the worm. D.Birds of a feather flock together.

（5）What can be the best title for this passage? A.Goals only work when you do! B.Surroundings contribute to success! C.Ways to make New Year's resolutions D.Suggestions for setting realistic goals 【答案】 （1）D （2）B （3）C （4）A （5）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述只有很少的人能够坚持写下自己的目标，而这部分人是最成功的，同时也说明了实现目标需要注意的几个方面：第一，学会分解目标；第二，找到能够支持自己的人；第三，不要混淆忙碌与进步；第四，目标设定很容易，但

是实现目标是一个长期的过程。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“A Harvard study of their graduates over thirty years found that there were only a small percentage (3%) of them who actually wrote down their goals-and these were the most successful!”可知，只有3%的人能够写下自己的目标，而这些人是最成功的，故可以推测出，只有不断坚持，朝目标前进的人才能成功，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“People make resolutions, work hard at them for a few weeks, maybe even a few months, and then forget them.”可知，人们往往年初做决心，前几周，甚至前几个月很努力，但是之后就抛之于九霄云外，可知，很多人半途而废，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的\"How do you eat an elephant? One spoonful at a time.\" So it is with goals. Make spoon size goals and accomplish them easily.可知，设置目标跟吃大象是一样的，把目标分成小部分，就很容易实现这些目标了，故可知，要学会分解目标，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Goal setting is all in a day's work. Goal achievement is total commitment.”可知，设定目标很短，但是达成目标则需要完全的付出，根据选项，与A选项，罗马不是一日建成的，意思符合，故选A。

（5）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述只有很少的人能够坚持写下自己的目标，而这部分人是最成功的，同时也说明了实现目标需要注意的几个方面：第一，学会分解目标；第二，找到能够支持自己的人；第三，不要混淆忙碌与进步；第四，目标设定很容易，但是实现目标是一个长期的过程，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Stepinac has become one of the first high schools in the country to drop all textbooks and replace them with a \"digital library\". When students started classes on Monday, they were zipping to an app on their tablets or laptops and bad instant access to all 40 texts in the Stepinac curriculum (课程).

Dennis Lauro, director of an information center which provides technical support to public schools in New York, said neither he nor his colleagues were aware of a similar digital effort in a public school setting. \"This is the wave of the future.\" Lauro said. \"I'm not surprised that a private school would beat the public schools to it. They have the ability to just do it. There is so much politics involved in public schools, when it comes to a move like that, needing approval from boards and committees.\"

For Tom Collins, Stepinac's president, the commitment to digital source material was not so difficult a decision. In the past, students' families had to spend up to $ 700 a year on textbooks. This year — after the one-time purchase of a tablet or laptop — families only need to pay $ 150. Using the digital library is almost as easy as opening a new book. A student can instantly lap into a digital book and open a map of Egypt or a speech by President John F. Kennedy. A teacher can show a page from a digital book on a whiteboard at the front of the class or send students a link

to a particular math problem with notes added in.

The first few weeks may bring some challenges. Stepinac officials expect some parental discomfort over dropping concrete books. They recognize there may be technical faults at first. And they will have to encourage students to leave space-eating photos and music off their tablets — and to keep their tablets charged. （1）What is going on in Stepinac?

A. It's building a new library. B. It's reforming its textbooks. C. It's updating its digital resources. D. It's changing its management pattern. （2）By saying the underlined sentence. Lauro believes .

A. public schools face great challenges B. private schools have their advantages C. the effort is to cause instant changes D. it's a trend for schools to go digital （3）Who may worry about the move in Stepinac?

A. Officials. B. Technicians. C. Parents. D. Teachers. 【答案】 （1）B （2）D （3）C

【解析】【分析】本文主要讲了Stepinac是第一个放弃了传统意义上的教科书，改用数字图书馆的学校。这是未来学校向数字化发展的一种趋势，但是家长们对这一进程心存疑虑。

（1）细节理解题。由第一段Stepinac has become one of the first high schools in the country to drop all textbooks and replace them with a \"digital library\"可知Stepinac把text book变成了digital library，应该是改革了教科书，故选B。

（2）推理判断题。由第二段 Lauro said. \"I'm not surprised that a private school would beat the public schools to it. They have the ability to just do it. There is so much politics involved in public schools, when it comes to a move like that, needing approval from boards and committees.可知Lauro认为在学校发展数字化并不是一件令人吃惊的事，私立学校在决定上比公立学校更有优势，如果在公立学校推行，需要得到很多人的同意。从中可以看出Lauro认为未来学校向数字化发展是一种趋势，故选D。

（3）细节理解题。由最后一段The first few weeks may bring some challenges. Stepinac officials expect some parental discomfort over dropping concrete books.可知在Stepinac，父母们对这一进程很担心，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。考涉及细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确的选择。推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。

6．阅读理解

Painkillers (止痛药) are turning out to be a real pain: according to a new study in the British Medical Journal. Taking them for just a week can increase your risk of heart attack by 50%. The research suggested that the risk related to the use of certain drugs was greatest with higher doses (服用量) and during the first month of use. The potential risk may increase by 75% for

medicines like ibuprofen (布洛芬) and naproxen, and more than 100% for rofecoxib.

It all sounds bad but, your risk is very low, — say, one in a million — a 100% increase means you still only have a two in a million chance. Of course, all painkilling medication that works can have side effects — nothing is safe and effective. Paracetamol (扑热息痛) has very few unless taken too much, in which case it can cause serious liver danger, but it isn't very effective. Drugs like opiates are strong painkillers but easy to be addicted and often have other bad effects. Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now. But don't despair; you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance. For ongoing pain, music and exercise may be the best choices to help you reduce the feeling of it.

Scientist at Harvard have recently done a quite horrible study on mice. They made the mice experience extremes of hot and cold, applied pressure to their back legs and injected the capsaicin (辣椒素) into their feet. And then they timed how long it took them to respond to the pain. Lack of sleep increased the discomfort, while stimulants (兴奋剂) such as caffeine made them less responsive to pain. This has been widely reported that a good night's sleep and a cup of coffee in the morning may help reduce pain.

But anyway don't throw the pills away because the study also shows taking small doses of drugs, such as for short periods of time can be effective and safe as long as your heart is in good condition.

（1）Which of the following painkillers has fewest side-effects? A.Ibuprofen. B.Naproxen. C.Rofecoxib. D.Paracetamol.

（2）What does the underlined word “despair” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A.Take it seriously. B.Take any risks. C.Lose hope. D.Feel doubtful.

（3）The example of mice is used to show that ____ A.mice can stand extreme pressure B.good sleep and coffee may decrease pain C.legs and feet are more sensitive to pain D.capsaicin and stimulants can help reduce pain （4）What is the text mainly about? A.How to stop taking painkillers. B.A new way of reducing pain. C.The risk of taking painkillers. D.How to avoid painkillers'side effects. 【答案】 （1）D （2）C （3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，根据《英国医学杂志》的一项新研究，止痛药正变成一种真正的疼痛。只服用一周就会使心脏病发作的风险增加50%。文章主要说明了止痛药存在的风险，以及说明了其他一些可以有助于减轻疼痛的方法。研究还表明，只要你的心脏状况良好，服用小剂量的药物仍然是有效和安全的。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The research suggested that the risk related to the use of certain drugs was greatest with higher doses (服用量) and during the first month of use. The potential risk may increase by 75% for medicines like ibuprofen (布洛芬) and naproxen, and more than 100% for rofecoxib.”研究表明，在使用某些药物的第一个月，服用高剂量药物的风险最大。布洛芬和萘普生等药物的潜在风险可能增加75%，罗非昔布增加100%以上；及第二段中的“Paracetamol has very few unless taken too much, in which case it can cause serious liver danger, but it isn't very effective.”扑热息痛的含量很少，除非服用过量，在这种情况下，它会导致严重的肝危险，但不是很有效，可知，在Ibuprofen，Naproxen，Rofecoxib和Paracetamol四种药物之中，Paracetamol的副作用最小。故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now.”也许你会发现你现在处于一个两难的境地；以及“you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance”你可以向疼痛诊所寻求一些专业指导)可知，虽然也许你会发现你现在处于一个两难的境地，但是不必绝望，你还可以向疼痛诊所寻求一些专业指导。故划线单词意思是“绝望的”。故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“…a good night's sleep and a cup of coffee in the morning may help reduce pain.”晚上睡个好觉，早上喝杯咖啡有助于减轻疼痛，可知，老鼠的例子表明良好的睡眠和咖啡可以减轻疼痛。故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Painkillers are turning out to be a real pain: according to a new study in the British Medical Journal. Taking them for just a week can increase your risk of heart attack by 50%. ”根据《英国医学杂志》的一项新研究，止痛药正变成一种真正的疼痛。只服用一周就会使心脏病发作的风险增加50%)结合文章主要内容为说明止痛药存在的风险，以及应对方法，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

Most parents realize that a diet of soda and candy isn't a healthy choice, but what should they do if their children are picky eaters who refuse fruit and vegetables? There are ways to help kids eat healthily and avoid involving many fights at the dinner table.

Jane E. Brody wrote an article for The New York Times in August 2015. The articled title is Another Approach to Raising Healthy Eaters. In this article, she shares her experience as a child who was a picky eater. She provides some useful views for parents who have children that are very picky about what foods they will eat.

It turns out that demanding (要求)that a child eat something doesn't really work well. The

command to \"clean your plate\" can end up teaching children that it is normal to continue eating after their stomach is full. This habit may continue into adulthood and can lead to overweight bodies or food disorders.

Instead, parents can try other methods that might actually influence their children to try new foods. One very simple method is to offer your children a small amount of newly introduced food. A large amount can seem intimidating (令人生畏的).One or two bites might feel less \"scary\" to try.

Another really easy thing parents can do is to read the ingredients (成分）on food instructions. You might be surprised by the kinds of food that have some form of sugar added to them. One way to be a healthier eater is to reduce the amount of sugar a person eats. Read the ingredient labels, and pick a product that doesn't have extra sugar added. Start making your own type of your child' s favorite foods at home instead of buying processed (加工过的)ones. Consider organic foods over the popular, well-known foods that are full of sugar.

Sometimes, all it takes to get a child to eat healthily is to offer a food in a different way. Kids that hate raw cauliflower (菜花)might eat it after the vegetable is roasted. It is possible to turn a head of cauliflower into rice. It looks the same and your child may not notice the difference between it and real rice.

（1）What do we know about Jane E. Brody? A.She wrote a book to help kids eat healthily.

B.Her article for The New York Times was written in winter. C.She shared some methods with parents having picky children. D.Her experience as a picky eater once made her parents annoyed. （2）The command of cleaning one's plate usually_____. A.doesn't work at all

B.leads to children's stomachache C.ends up with children's hating eating D.gets children into a bad eating habit

（3）What can parents do if they want their children to try a new food? A.Offer a small amount of it. B.Give all of the food to them. C.Tell them the ingredients in it. D.Reduce the amount of sugar in it.

（4）Which of the following can help your kid become a healthy eater? A.Making him eat up all food. B.Only eating organic foods. C.Buying processed foods. D.Eating less sugar. 【答案】 （1）C （2）D （3）A （4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，为父母提供了一些方法可以帮助挑食的孩子们吃得健康，避免在餐桌上发生争吵。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“In this article, she shares her experience as a child who was a picky eater. She provides some useful views for parents who have children that are very picky about what foods they will eat.” 可知，她在自己的书中和有挑食的孩子的父母分享了一些方法，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The command to ‘clean your plate ’can end up teaching children that it is normal to continue eating after their stomach is full. This habit may continue into adulthood, and can lead to overweight bodies or food disorders.”可知，清空盘子的指令最终可能会教导孩子们在他们的肚子饱了之后继续吃东西，这种习惯延续到成年可能导致身体超重或饮食失调。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“One very simple method is to offer your children a small amount of newly introduced food. A large amount can seem intimidating (令人生畏的).One or two bites might feel less scary to try.”可知，父母想让孩子尝试一种新食物，应该给他们一次提供较少的份量。故选A。

（4）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“One way to be a healthier eater is to reduce the amount of sugar a person eats. ”可知，成为一个更健康的饮食者的一个方法是减少一个人吃的糖的量。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解

In colleges around the country, most students are also workers.

The reality of college can be pretty different from the images presented in movies and television. Instead of the students who wake up late, party all the time, and study only before exams, many colleges are full of students with pressing schedules of not just classes and activities, but real jobs, too.

This isn't a temporary phenomenon. The share of working students has been on the rise since the 1970s, and one-fifth of students work year round. About one-quarter of those who work while attending school have both a full-course load and a full-time job. The arrangement can help pay for tuition (学费) and living costs, obviously. And there's value in it beyond the direct cause: such jobs can also be critical for developing important professional and social skills that make it easier to land a job after graduation. With many employers looking for students with already-developed skill sets, on-the-job training while in college can be the best way to ensure a job later on.

But it's not all upside. Even full-time work may not completely cover the cost of tuition and living expenses. The study notes that if a student worked a full-time job at the federal minimum wage, they would earn just over $15,000 each year, certainly not enough to pay for tuition, room, and board at many colleges without some serious financial aid. That means that though they're sacrificing time away from the classroom, many working students will still graduate with at least

some debt. And working full time can reduce the chance that students will graduate at all, by cutting into the time available for studying and attending classes.

There is little reward for attending but not finishing college Students who end up leaving school because of difficulty in managing work and class are likely to find themselves stuck in some of the same jobs they might have gotten if they hadn't gone at all. The difficulty of working too much while in school can create a cycle that pushes students further into debt without receiving any of the financial or career benefits.

（1）According to the passage, the reality of college students is that ________. A.they throw parties a lot B.they stay up late every night C.they work besides attending classes D.they pay no attention to exams

（2）What is the indirect cause of an increasing number of working students? A.The need of developing social networks. B.The lack of summer jobs for young adults. C.The chance of finding a job after graduation. D.The expenses of high tuition and living costs.

（3）We can learn from the passage that _________. A.working students are more likely to finish college B.students can cover their college expenses through working C.students receive a huge reward for managing work and class

D.working while attending school may not help students get career benefits （4）What is the best title for the passage? A.The Difficulties of Landing a Job B.The Struggle of Work-School Balance C.The Reward of Working While Studying D.The Images of Working College Students 【答案】 （1）C （2）C （3）D （4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述大学生在校期间学习和工作平衡的利与弊。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In colleges around the country, most students are also workers.和第二段中many colleges are full of students with pressing schedules of not just classes and activities, but real jobs, too.”可知，在大学里面，多数的学生也是工人。他们既要忙于学习和参加活动又要忙着工作。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“With many employers looking for students with already-developed skill sets, on-the-job training while in college can be the best way to ensure a job later on.”可知，很多老板聘用具备成熟技能的学生，大学期间的工作培训可能是以后找工作的最好方法。这是大学生参加工作的间接原因，故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The difficulty of working too much while in school

can create a cycle that pushes students further into debt without receiving any of the financial or career benefits.”在校期间工作太多可能对学生的财务和职业发展并无益处。故选D。 （4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述大学生在校期间工作均衡的利与弊。The Struggle of Work-School Balance“在校期间学习工作平衡的冲突”概括了全文内容，适合作为标题。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

What do people in the outside world do when they want to learn something? They go to somebody who knows about it, and ask him. They do not go to somebody who is supposed to know about everything —except, when they are very young, to their parents: and they speedily become dissatisfied with that variety of knowledge. They go to somebody who might reasonably expected to know about the particular thing they are interested in. When a man buys a motor-car, he does not say to himself: \"Where can I find somebody who can teach me how to run a motor car?\" He does not look in the telephone directory under T. He just gets an experienced driver to teach him. He just pays attention and asks questions and tries to do the thing himself, until he learns.

But this case, of course, assumes an interest of the pupil in the subject, a willingness and even a desire to learn about it, a feeling that the matter is of some importance to himself. And come to think of it, these motives are generally present in the learning that goes on in the outside world. It is only in school that the pupil is expected to be unwilling to learn.

When you were a child, and passed the door of the village blacksmith(铁匠) shop, and looked in, day after day, you admired his skill, and stood in awe of his strength; and if he had offered to let you blow the bellows for him and shown you how to make a red-hot penny, that would have been a proud moment. It would also have been an educational one. But suppose there had been a new shop set up in the town, and when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture; and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brush-stroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix\"; and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, \"We will go on with that tomorrow,\" and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble; and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play \"The Rock of Ages\" on a flute, interrupting the tune to order you to stand up straight and not whisper to the little boy beside you. There's no doubt what you would think of him; you would know perfectly well that he was crazy; people don't do things in that way anywhere in the world, except in school.

And even if he had assured you that what were taught were later in your life going to be matters of the deepest importance and interest, and that you should start in now with the determination of becoming proficient in them, it would not have helped much. Not very much. It's nonsense that children do not want to learn. Everybody wants to learn. And everybody wants to teach. And the process is going on all the time. All that is necessary is to put a person who

knows something —really knows it—within the curiosity-range of someone who doesn't know it: the process begins at once. It is almost irresistible.

If there were no teachers—no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything—but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing—we might get along with our learning pretty well, Of course, we'd have to pay them more, because they could get other jobs out in the larger world; and besides, you couldn't expect to get somebody who knows how to do something, for the price you are accustomed to pay those who only know how to teach everything.

（1）What does the author mainly want to say with this article? A.An education without teachers is unimaginable, B.A teacher who knows everything is more welcome, C.School teachers are far from satisfactory and necessary, D.We have paid too much for teachers for school education.

（2）What does the underlined \"somebody\" in the first paragraph refer to? A.A teacher. B.A parent.

C.A man in the outside world. D.A man like the blacksmith,

（3）What happened in the \"new shop\" mentioned in paragraph 3? A.Useless subjects like painting and poetry, sculpture and music were taught. B.The man at work became crazy with so many subjects to deal with. C.One man teaching everything influenced the efficiency of learning.

D.Children listened carefully and often discussed about what is taught with others. （4）According to the author, which of the following can we infer? A.Teachers are not as useful as parents in helping a child to learn, B.Schools are the places killing students' interest and willingness to learn, C.Learning life related skills like blacksmithing is more important than arts. D.Teachers are ordinary human beings who know thoroughly everything. （5）Which of the following figures of speech(修辞手法) are used in the article? a. exemplification(举例) b. exaggeration(夸张) c. personification(拟人) d. irony(讽刺) e. analogy (类比) A.abc B.ade C.bcd D.cde

（6）In the last paragraph, the author mainly _______. A.introduces a new idea

B.raises a new question C.gives some new evidence D.stresses his viewpoint 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）C （4）B （5）B （6）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，学生的学习动机通常存在外部世界的学习中，在学校里，学生才会不愿意学习，固定模式的学校教育显然不能满足于孩子对知识的渴望。学校教师远非令人满意和必要。

（1）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“If there were no teachers—no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything—but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing—we might get along with our learning pretty well.”可知，如果没有老师——没有那些本应知道一切的仓促而肤浅的训练有素的女灶神星——而只是那些热情而彻底地知道一件事并有耐心向小男孩和女孩展示如何做这件事的普通人——我们可能会很好地学习。所以作者通过这篇文章主要想说学校教师远非令人满意和必要。故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“They do not go to somebody who is supposed to know about everything —except, when they are very young, to their parents”可知，他们不会去问什么都知道的人——这不包括他们很小的时候，去找他们的父母。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，这个什么都知道的人是除了父母之外的人也就是老师。故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture; and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brush-stroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix\"; and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, \"We will go on with that tomorrow,\" and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble; and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play ‘The Rock of Ages\" on a flute’ ”可知，当你往开着的门里看时，你看到一个人正在工作，正在画画；假设就在这时，一个铃响了，那个人停止了绘画，开始大声朗读“他们是如何把好消息从根特带到艾克斯的”；假设当他读到一半时，铃又响了，他说，“我们明天继续，”并开始用凿子雕刻一块大理石的表面；然后，过了一会儿，有点累了，开始用笛子吹奏《时代之石》。所以通过这个教学过程可以判断出，一个人教所有的东西影响了学习的效率。故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“It is only in school that the pupil is expected to be unwilling to learn.”可知，只有在学校里，学生才会不愿意学习。由此推断出学校是扼杀学生学习兴趣和意愿的地方。故选B。

（5）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“When a man buys a motor-car, he does not say to himself: “Where can I find somebody who can teach me how to run a motor car?\" ”可知，短文

主要运用了举例的修辞手法，说明当一个人想学习新事物时的求助对象；第三段中的“When you were a child, and passed the door of the village blacksmith(铁匠) shop, and looked in, day after day, you admired his skill, and stood in awe of his strength; and if he had offered to let you blow the bellows for him and shown you how to make a red-hot penny, that would have been a proud moment. It would also have been an educational one. But suppose there had been a new shop set up in the town, and when you looked in at the open door you saw a man at work painting a picture; and suppose a bell rang just then, and the man stopped painting right in the middle of a brush-stroke, and started to read aloud “How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix\"; and suppose when he was halfway through, the bell rang again, and he said, \"We will go on with that tomorrow,\" and started to chisel the surface of a piece of marble; and then, after a little, somewhat exhaustedly, started in to play \"The Rock of Ages\" on a flute, interrupting the tune to order you to stand up straight and not whisper to the little boy beside you.”可知，本段将铁匠埔和新店进行了类比，来类比两种教育模式，并以讽刺的修辞方法描述了新店的教育模式。综合选项。故选B。

（6）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If there were no teachers—no hastily and superficially trained Vestals who were supposed to know everything—but just ordinary human beings who knew passionately and thoroughly one thing and who had the patience to show little boys and girls how to do that thing—we might get along with our learning pretty well”可知，如果没有老师——没有那些本应知道一切的仓促而肤浅的训练有素的女灶神星——而只是那些热情而彻底地知道一件事并有耐心向小男孩和女孩展示如何做这件事的普通人——我们可能会很好地学习”所以最后一段在强调作者的观点“学校教师远非令人满意和必要”。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Jolin Tsai, a famous singer, has become an English teacher! But she is not staying in a classroom to give you talks in English. Instead, she has published a new book, \"Jolin's English Diary Book\". It came out in Taiwan in March. Jolin is helping you learn English in a light-hearted way and giving you useful words for life outside your textbooks.

\"I hope it's a happy English book,\" she said. \"When you learn English in a fun way, you will keep on doing it. This certainly doesn't mean just reciting words\". Jolin has a lot of clever ways of learning. She likes to listen to English songs or find friends to talk to in English. She has been good at English since Grade 3 in primary school. Because of this, she hosted news programme on the radio herself.

Jolin knows it's important to put English to good use. So, in her English diaries, she wrote something about her everyday life, like study, fashion, travel and family. After each diary, she gives you lots of notes. You can use them often, too! Jolin also asks you to keep diaries like hers. （1）Jolin has been good at English . A.since she became a famous singer

B.since she was in Grade 3 C.since she was in college D.since she was 3 years old

（2）In Jolin's diaries, which of the following is not mentioned? A.Fashion. B.Chinese learning. C.Trip. D.Family life.

（3）From the passage we know that ______.

A.she is not only a famous singer but also an English teacher in a primary school B.you don't have to keep English diaries

C.she teaches us how to be a famous singer in \"Jolin's English Diary Book\" D.Jolin Tsai shows us how to learn English in a fun way 【答案】 （1）B （2）B （3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了歌手蔡依林出版了一本新书《蔡依林的英语日记本》。它于三月在出版。可以帮助人们轻松地学习英语，并为课本之外的生活提供有用的词汇。文章还说明了蔡依林写这本书的意图和日记的一些内容。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“She has been good at English since Grade 3 in primary school.” 她从小学三年级起就擅长英语，可知，蔡依林从三年级起就擅长英语。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“So, in her English diaries, she wrote something about her everyday life, like study, fashion, travel and family.” 所以，在她的英语日记中，她写了一些关于她的日常生活，比如学习、时尚、旅行和家庭)可知，日记中提到了时尚、旅行和家庭，但没提到运动。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中“‘I hope it's a happy English book,’ she said. ‘When you learn English in a fun way, you will keep on doing it.’”“我希望这是一本快乐的英语书，”她说。“当你用一种有趣的方式学习英语时，你会坚持下去。”可知，蔡依林通过这本书向我们展示了一种轻松学习英语的方法。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。