考点79: 条件状语从句的用法
条件状语从句表示条件, 现将其在高考卷中的常见引导词介绍如下:
1. if 表示正面的条件, 意为“如果”; unless (=if not) 表示负面的条件, 意为“除非, 如果不”。例如: If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你请求他, 他会帮助你。// If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟就碰到他了。(本例句属于第8章中介绍过的以虚拟语气表示非真实条件句的情况。) // He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business. 他一定会来, 除
非他有急事。
2. in case, on condition that, providing, provided (that), supposing, suppose (that)等词汇意思相近, 指“假如, 假使, 在„„条件下”(比if更为书面化)。例如: In case he comes, let me know. 如果他来的话, 告诉我一声。// I shall give you my dictionary on condition that you return it tomorrow. 我将把我的字典给你, 如果你明天要还的话。 // I will go, providing/provided (that) my expenses are paid. 只要我的费用有人付, 我就去。 // Suppose/Supposing (that) he does not come, what shall
we do? 他要是不来, 我们该怎么办?
3. as long as (=so long as) 表示充分必要条件, 引导语气强烈的条件状语从句时, 意为“只要”。例如: I will cooperate as long as I am notified on time. 只要及时告诉我, 我就会合作。 // You may use the book so long as you will return it on time.
只要你准时还, 你就可以借这本书。
[考题1] Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water ____ they are not
managed carefully. (2007上海) A. though B. before C. until D. if
[答案] D
[解析] 根据全句意思, “they are not managed carefully”应表示一种假设, 因
此下划线处应选用if引导条件状语从句。
[考题2] In time of serious accidents, ____ we know some basic things about
first aid, we can save lives. (2006重庆) A. whether B. until C. if D. unless
[答案] C
[解析] 本题应选意为“如果”的if表示假设。
[考题3] I would appreciate it ____ you call back this afternoon for the
doctor’s appointment. (2003上海春) A. until B. if C. when D. that
[答案] B
[解析] 本题应选意为“如果”的if表示假设。
[考题4] It is known to all that ____ you exercise regularly, you won’t keep
good health. (2005重庆)
A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if
[答案] A
[解析] 本题应选意为“如果不, 除非”的unless表示假设。
[考题5] Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but ____ they have
eggs or young chicks, they don’t use a nest. (2007湖南)
A. why B. how C. unless D. where
[答案] C
[解析] 综合整句的意思, 下划线处应表示“除非„„”含义的假设。 [考题6] You will succeed in the end ____ you give up halfway. (2001上海春)
A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless
[答案] D
[解析] 本题应选意为“如果不, 除非”的unless表示假设。注意: even if表示“即使”, as though表示“好像”, as long as表示“只要”, 填入下划线都讲不通。 [考题7] John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ____ he phones. (2000
北京、 安徽春)
A. as long as B. in order that C. in case D. so that
[答案] C
[解析] 本题应选in case表示假设。注意: in order that, so that都表示目的, 不符合题干的语境; 题干中表示推测的“John may phone tonight.”表明说话人对约翰打
电话过来没有太大的把握性, 不适合采用语气强烈的as long as表示假设。 [考题8] — I’m afraid Mr. Wood can’t see you until 4 o’clock.
— Oh, ____ I won’t wait. (2005浙江)
A. no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way
[答案] C
[解析] 本题应选in that case表示假设。
[考题9] ____ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. (2003
北京)
A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While
[答案] C
[解析] 本题应选意为“只要”的as long as表示语气强烈的假设。